Trafalgar Square, one of London's most famous public spaces, was laid out in the 1830s and 1840s to commemorate Admiral Lord Nelson's victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Nelson's Column, erected between 1840 and 1843, dominates the square, flanked by its iconic lion sculptures and fountains. Over the decades, it has served as a site for public celebrations, political demonstrations, and a major tourist attraction. Despite the constant flow of urban life, the square remarkably retains its