Reconfigurable structures that can repeatedly change their three-dimensional shape without manual intervention represent a ...

3D printed hydrogel microcilia exhibit rapid motion and durability, establishing a foundation for advanced microscale fluid ...

Cilia are micrometer-sized biological structures that occur frequently in nature. Their characteristic high-frequency, three-dimensional beating motions (5–40 Hz) play indispensable roles inside the ...

The development of 3D-printed hydrogel cilia marks a significant leap in soft microrobotics, enabling fast, programmable actuation for microscale applications.

To get the most out of the sensing revolution, different disciplines need to be on the same wavelength. This is a priority ...

The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of a broad range of strategies used to pattern polymers. Intense interest in polymer patterning originated from the diversity of existing synthetic ...