A stock's historical variance measures the difference between the stock's returns for different periods and its average return. A stock with a lower variance typically generates returns that are ...

Even the best budgets rarely turn out exactly the way that planners expect. Whenever you're planning in advance for a period of time, you'll inevitably make some mistakes in your estimates, and it's ...

Cost and schedule variance data are part of earned value analysis, which is a tool that small and large businesses use as an early-warning system to identify and manage problems in ongoing projects.

The mean-variance optimization suggested by Henry Markowitz represents a path-breaking work, the beginning of the so-called Modern Portfolio Theory. This theory has been criticized by some researchers ...

Portfolio optimisation and asset allocation strategies have evolved into sophisticated tools for managing financial risks while striving for superior returns. Recent advancements integrate classical ...