High-order Markov chain models extend the conventional framework by incorporating dependencies that span several previous states rather than solely the immediate past. This extension allows for a ...
Discover how Markov chains predict real systems, from Ulam and von Neumann’s Monte Carlo to PageRank, so you can grasp ...
Philosophical Transactions: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 379, No. 2203, A cracking approach to inventing new tough materials: fracture stranger than friction (9 August 2021), ...
Sparse early-stage data limits accurate geological risk assessment, increasing the chance of undetected hazards ahead of the TBM. By integrating borehole-derived information through an observation ...